Mipata yemagetsi inodarika mwero weMillisecond muAI server rack BBUs: Sei "hybrid supercapacitor (LIC) + BBU" yakakodzera zvakanyanya?

Ma raki eAI server anosangana nekukwira kwesimba remagetsi (millisecond-level) (kazhinji 1–50 ms) uye kudonha kwemagetsi eDC bus panguva yekuchinja nekukurumidza pakati pekudzidziswa uye inference loads. NVIDIA, mukugadzira kwayo GB300 NVL72 power rack, inotaura kuti power rack yayo inobatanidza zvikamu zvekuchengetera simba uye inoshanda ne controller kuti iite rack-level rapid transient power smoothing (ona reference [1]).

Mukuita kweinjiniya, kushandisa "hybrid supercapacitor (LIC) + BBU (Battery Backup Unit)" kugadzira buffer layer iri pedyo kunogona kupatsanura "mhinduro yenguva pfupi" uye "simba rekuchengetedza renguva pfupi": LIC ndiyo ine basa rekubhadhara millisecond-level, uye BBU ndiyo ine basa rekutora simba kubva padanho rechipiri kusvika paminiti. Chinyorwa chino chinopa nzira yekusarudza inodzokororwa yeinjiniya, runyorwa rwezviratidzo zvakakosha, uye zvinhu zvekusimbisa. Tichitora YMIN SLF 4.0V 4500F (single-unit ESR≤0.8mΩ, continuous discharge current 200A, ma parameter anofanirwa kureva pepa rekufananidzira [3]) semuenzaniso, inopa mazano ekugadzirisa uye rutsigiro rwe data rekuenzanisa.

Zvishandiso zvemagetsi zveBBU zviri kufamba "zvichigadzirisa simba kwenguva pfupi" zvichiswedera pedyo nemutoro.

Sezvo kushandiswa kwesimba remagetsi rimwe chete kuchisvika mazana emakilowatts, mabasa eAI anogona kukonzera kukwira kwesimba munguva pfupi. Kana kudonha kwesimba remagetsi rebhazi kukadarika chiyero chesystem, zvinogona kukonzera dziviriro yemotherboard, zvikanganiso zveGPU, kana kutangazve. Kuti kuderedze kukanganisa kukuru pamagetsi ekumusoro uye grid, mamwe magadzirirwo ari kuunza nzira dzekugadzirisa simba uye kudzora mukati me rack power rack, zvichibvumira kukwira kwesimba remagetsi "kutorwa nekuburitswa munzvimbo" mukati me rack. Shoko guru redhizaini iyi nderekuti: matambudziko enguva pfupi anofanira kugadziriswa kutanga panzvimbo iri pedyo nemutoro.

Mumaseva ane maGPU ane simba rakawanda (kilowatt-level) akadai seNVIDIA GB200/GB300, dambudziko guru rakatarisana nemasisitimu emagetsi rachinja kubva pasimba rekuchengetedza rekare kuenda pakubata simba renguva pfupi pamamiriyoni emasekonzi nemazana emakilowatt. Mhinduro dzesimba rekuchengetedza reBBU rekare, dzakavakirwa pamabhatiri ane lead-acid, dzinotambura nekumhanya kwemhinduro uye huwandu hwesimba nekuda kwekunonoka kwemakemikari, kuramba kwakanyanya kwemukati, uye kugona kushoma kwekugamuchira charge. Izvi zvinodzivisa kuvandudzwa kwesimba rekombiyuta re single-rack uye kuvimbika kwesisitimu.

Tafura 1: Dhiyagiramu yemufananidzo wenzvimbo yemhando nhatu dzekuchengetedza simba rehybrid muraki BBU (dhayagiramu yetafura)

Kushanduka kweMagadzirirwo eZvivakwa

Kubva pa "Battery Backup" kuenda ku "Three-Tier Hybrid Energy Storage Mode"

MaBBU echinyakare anonyanya kushandisa mabhatiri pakuchengetedza simba. Akatarisana nekushomeka kwesimba rema millisecond, mabhatiri, anoganhurirwa nemakemikari reaction kinetics uye akaenzana ne internal resistance, anowanzo pindura nekukurumidza zvishoma pane capacitor-based energy storage. Nokudaro, mhinduro dze rack-side dzakatanga kushandisa nzira dzakasiyana: “LIC (transient) + BBU (short-time) + UPS/HVDC (long-time)”:

LIC yakabatana pamwe chete pedyo neDC Bus: inobata muripo wemagetsi wepamusoro-soro uye rutsigiro rwemagetsi (kuchaja nekuburitsa magetsi nekukurumidza).

BBU (bhatiri kana imwe nzvimbo yekuchengetera simba): inobata kutora simba kubva padanho rechipiri kusvika paminiti (system yakagadzirirwa nguva yekuchengetedza).

UPS/HVDC yenzvimbo yedata: inobata magetsi asingadzoreki kwenguva refu uye mitemo yegrid-side.

Kupatsanurwa uku kwevashandi kunoparadzanisa "zvinoshanduka nekukurumidza" uye "zvinoshanduka zvishoma nezvishoma": kudzikamisa bhazi ukuwo kuchideredza kushushikana kwenguva refu uye kumanikidzwa kwekuchengetedza pamidziyo yekuchengetera simba.

Kuongorora Kwakadzama: Nei YMINMaHybrid Supercapacitors?

Ymin's hybrid supercapacitor LIC (Lithium-ion Capacitor) inosanganisa zvine simba guru rema capacitor nehukuru hwesimba remagetsi. Muzviitiko zvekubhadhara kwenguva pfupi, chinhu chikuru chekutsungirira mutoro ndeichi: kubudisa simba rinodiwa mukati mechinangwa Δt, uye kupa pulse current yakakura zvakakwana mukati menguva inobvumidzwa yekuwedzera kwekushisa uye kudonha kwevoltage.

Simba Rinobuda: Kana mutoro weGPU ukachinja kamwe kamwe kana kuti grid yemagetsi ikachinja-chinja, mabhatiri ekare ane lead-acid, nekuda kwekunonoka kwemakemikari uye kuramba kwakanyanya kwemukati, anokurumidza kuora musimba rekugamuchira simba, zvichikonzera kutadza kupindura mumamilisekonzi. Iyo hybrid supercapacitor inogona kupedzisa muripo ipapo ipapo mukati me1-50ms, ichiteverwa nesimba rekuchengetedza remaminitsi kubva kumagetsi ekuchengetedza eBBU, zvichiita kuti voltage yebhazi igare yakagadzikana uye zvichideredza zvakanyanya njodzi yekudonha kwemotherboard neGPU.

Kugadzirisa Vhoriyamu neHuremu: Pakuenzanisa "simba rakaenzana riripo (rinosarudzwa neV_hi→V_lo voltage window) + equivalent transient window (Δt)," mhinduro yeLIC buffer layer inowanzo deredza vhoriyamu nehuremu zvakanyanya zvichienzaniswa nebheteri rekare (kudzikiswa kwevhoriyamu kweinenge 50%–70%, kudzikiswa kwehuremu kweinenge 50%–60%, kukosha kwakajairika hakuwanikwe pachena uye kunoda kuongororwa kwepurojekiti), zvichisunungura nzvimbo yeraki nezviwanikwa zvemhepo. (Chikamu chaicho chinoenderana nezvinodiwa, zvikamu zvechimiro, uye mhinduro dzekupisa dzechinhu chekuenzanisa; kuongororwa kwepurojekiti kunokurudzirwa.)

Kuvandudza Kumhanya Kwekuchaja: LIC ine kugona kwekuchaja nekukurumidza uye kuburitsa simba, uye kumhanya kwayo kwekuchaja kazhinji kwakakwira kupfuura kwemhinduro dzebhatiri (kuvandudzwa kwekumhanya kanopfuura kashanu, kusvika pakuchaja nekukurumidza kwemaminitsi gumi; tsime: hybrid supercapacitor zvichienzaniswa neakajairika ebheteri re lead-acid). Nguva yekuchaja inotemerwa nehukuru hwesimba resisitimu, hurongwa hwekuchaja, uye dhizaini yekupisa. Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa "nguva inodiwa kuti uchajazve simba kuV_hi" sechiyero chekugamuchirwa, pamwe chete nekuongorora kudzokorora kwekukwira kwekupisa kwepulse.

Hupenyu hwekufamba kwenguva refu: LIC inowanzo ratidza hupenyu hwekufamba kwenguva refu uye zvinodiwa zvishoma zvekuchengetedza pasi pemamiriro ekuchaja nekuburitsa zvinhu (mamiriyoni emitambo, makore anopfuura matanhatu ehupenyu, kanenge ka200 kupfuura mabhatiri echinyakare e lead-acid; tsime: Hybrid supercapacitors zvichienzaniswa nemabhatiri akajairika e lead-acid). Hupenyu hwekufamba kwenguva uye miganhu yekukwira kwetembiricha zvinoenderana nemamiriro chaiwo ekuyedza. Kubva pamaonero akazara ehupenyu, izvi zvinobatsira kuderedza mari yekushanda nekugadzirisa uye yekukundikana.

Mufananidzo 2: Hurongwa hweSisitimu Yekuchengetera Simba reHybrid:

Bhatiri reLithium-ion (danho remaminitsi maviri) + Lithium-ion Capacitor LIC (buffer yedanho remamisecond)

Zvichibva pamufananidzo wechiJapanese weNVIDIA GB300 reference design Musashi CCP3300SC (3.8V 3000F), ine simba rakawanda, simba rakawanda, uye simba rakawanda muzvimiro zvayo zvinowanikwa pachena: simba rekushanda re4.0V uye simba re4500F, zvichikonzera kuchengetedza simba remaseru rimwe chete uye kugona kwakasimba kwekuchengetedza mukati mehukuru hwemodule imwe chete, zvichiita kuti mhinduro ye millisecond isakanganiswe.

Ma parameter akakosha eYMIN SLF akatevedzana ma hybrid supercapacitors:

Voltage Yakayerwa: 4.0V; Kugona Kwezita: 4500F

Kuramba Kwemukati kweDC/ESR: ≤0.8mΩ

Kubuda Kwenguva Dzose: 200A

Range yeVoteji Inoshanda: 4.0–2.5V

Ichishandisa mhinduro yeYMIN's hybrid supercapacitor-based BBU local buffer, inogona kupa DC bus muripo wemagetsi wakakwira mukati mehwindo rema millisecond, zvichivandudza kugadzikana kwevoltage yebhazi. Kana ichienzaniswa nedzimwe mhinduro dzine simba rinowanikwa uye hwindo re transient, buffer layer inowanzo deredza nzvimbo uye inosunungura zviwanikwa zve rack. Yakakodzerawo zvakanyanya kuchaja nekuburitsa magetsi kakawanda uye zvinodiwa nekukurumidza, zvichideredza kumanikidzwa kwekugadzirisa. Kushanda kwakakodzera kunofanirwa kusimbiswa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zveprojekiti.

Gwaro Rekusarudza: Kufananidza Zvakakwana Nemamiriro Ezvinhu

Tichitarisana nematambudziko makuru esimba reAI, hunyanzvi muhurongwa hwemagetsi hwakakosha.YMIN's SLF 4.0V 4500F hybrid supercapacitor, nehunyanzvi hwayo hwakasimba, inopa mhinduro yeBBU buffer layer inogadzirwa munyika inoshanda zvakanyanya, yakavimbika zvikuru, ichipa rutsigiro rwekutanga rwekushanduka kwakasimba, kwakanaka, uye kwakasimba kwenzvimbo dzedata dzeAI.

Kana muchida ruzivo rwakadzama rwehunyanzvi, tinogona kupa: mapepa edata, data rekuyedza, matafura ekusarudza mashandisirwo, masampuli, nezvimwewo. Ndapota ipaiwo ruzivo rwakakosha rwakadai se: voltage yebhazi, ΔP/Δt, saizi yenzvimbo, tembiricha yemhepo, uye zvirevo zvehupenyu kuitira kuti tikwanise kupa mazano ekugadzirisa nekukurumidza.

Chikamu cheMbvunzo neMhinduro

Mubvunzo: Kuwanda kweGPU kweAI server kunogona kuwedzera ne150% mukati memamirisekonzi, uye mabhatiri echinyakare e lead-acid haagone kuramba aripo. Ndeipi nguva chaiyo yekupindura yeYMIN lithium-ion supercapacitors, uye unowana sei rutsigiro urwu nekukurumidza?

A: YMIN hybrid supercapacitors (SLF 4.0V 4500F) inoshandisa simba remagetsi uye ine simba rekudzivirira rakaderera (≤0.8mΩ), zvichiita kuti pave nekubuda kwesimba nekukurumidza pakati pe1-50 milliseconds. Kana shanduko yakangoerekana yaitika muGPU load ikakonzera kudzikira kwakanyanya kwevoltage yebhasi reDC, inogona kuburitsa simba guru pasina kunonoka, ichibhadhara simba rebhasi zvakananga, nokudaro ichitenga nguva yekuti simba remagetsi reBBU rimuke uye ritore nzvimbo, zvichiita kuti voltage ishanduke zvakanaka uye kudzivirira zvikanganiso zvemakombiyuta kana hardware inokanganisa nekuda kwekudonha kwevoltage.

Pfupiso pakupera kwechinyorwa chino

Mamiriro Anoshanda: Akakodzera maBBU eAI server rack-level (Backup Power Units) mumamiriro ezvinhu apo DC bus inotarisana ne millisecond-level transient power surges/voltage drops; inoshanda kune "hybrid supercapacitor + BBU" local buffer architecture yekudzikamisa bhazi voltage uye transient compensation pasi pekudzimwa kwemagetsi kwenguva pfupi, grid fluctuations, uye kamwe kamwe GPU load changes.

Zvakanakira Zvikuru: Kupindura nekukurumidza kweMillisecond (kunotsiva mahwindo e1-50ms transient); kudzika kwekudzivirira kwemukati/kukwanisa kwemagetsi kwakakwira, kuvandudza kugadzikana kwemagetsi ebhazi uye kuderedza njodzi yekudzoreredza zvisingatarisirwi; inotsigira kuchaja nekuburitsa nekukurumidza uye kudzoreredza nekukurumidza, kupfupisa nguva yekudzoreredza simba rekuchengetedza; yakakodzera mamiriro ekuchaja nekuburitsa mafrequency akawanda zvichienzaniswa nemhinduro dzebhatiri dzechinyakare, zvichibatsira kuderedza kumanikidzwa kwekugadzirisa uye mari yese yehupenyu.

Muenzaniso Unokurudzirwa: YMIN Square Hybrid Supercapacitor SLF 4.0V 4500F

Data (Magadzirirwo/Mishumo yeKuyedza/Mienzaniso) Kuwanikwa:

Webhusaiti Yepamutemo: www.ymin.com
Nhare yeTechnical Hotline: 021-33617848

Mareferensi (Mashoko Everuzhinji)

[1] NVIDIA Official Public Information/Technical Blog: Nhanganyaya kuGB300 NVL72 (Power Shelf) Rack-Level Transient Smoothing/Energy Storage

[2] Mishumo yeVeruzhinji kubva kuMedia/Masangano akadai seTrendForce: GB200/GB300 Zvikumbiro zveLIC zvine chekuita neruzivo rweSupply Chain

[3] Shanghai YMIN Electronics inopa "SLF 4.0V 4500F Hybrid Supercapacitor Specifications"